Features of C++.
C++ is a high–level and General purpose programming language that support various computer programming models such as object-oriented programming and generic programming. It was developed by Bjarne Stroustrup at bell labs in Murray Hill, New Jersey, USA, in the early 1980’s. C++ add object oriented features to its predecessor, C. so C++ is a subset of C. Therefore, almost C programs are also C++ programs.
And
also C++ provides a lot of features that are given below.
Ø Simple
Ø Object-Oriented Programming
Ø Abstract Data types
Ø Machine Independent or Portable
Ø High-Level Language
Ø Structured programming language
Ø Popular
Ø Memory Management
Ø Case-sensitive
Ø Quicker Compilation
Ø Dynamic Memory Allocation
Ø Pointers
Ø Recursion
Ø Extensible
Ø Errors are easily detected
Ø Strongly typed language
1). Simple
It
is a simple language in that it includes a comprehensive library support
system, enables the division of programs into logical units and components, and
supports a wide range of data types. Additionally, the C++ Auto Keyword
simplifies things.
2). Object-Oriented Programming
Unlike
to C, which is a procedural programming language, C++ is an object-oriented
programming language. The most crucial aspect of C++ is this. While
programming, it is possible to construct and delete objects. It can also
provide blueprints that can be used to make items.
Object-oriented programming language concepts:
I.
Class
3). Abstract Data types.
Classes
in C++ may be used to generate abstract data types (ADT), which are complicated
data types.
We
must first comprehend the definition of abstract before we can comprehend
abstract datatype in C++. An abstraction in a data structure refers to
concealing the specifics and displaying simply the overall result.
An
abstract data type (or ADT) is a class having a predetermined set of actions
and values.
A
data type whose behavior is determined by the characteristics and
functionalities of a class is an abstract data type. Alternately, we may
leverage a class object's structure to give it a certain abstract data type.
Three components make up ADT:
i.
Information on the data
structures used in ADT.
ii.
Operations that list the ADT's
acceptable operations.
iii.
Error that explains how to
handle mistakes that inevitably arise.
4). Machine Independent or Portable
Although
C++ executables are machine-independent, they are not platform-independent
(apps generated for Linux won't work on Windows). Let's use an example to
better grasp this C++ feature. Consider a scenario where you have created C++
code that is machine independent (it can run on Linux, Windows, and Mac OS X),
but the C++ executable file is not compatible with other operating systems.
5). High-Level Language.
Unlike
C, which is a mid-level programming language, C++ is a high-level language.
Working with C++ is simpler since it is a high-level language that is closely
related to the English language, which is understandable by humans.
What
is HIGH level language?
It
is a language unrelated to machines. COBOL was the first high-level language,
allowing users to create programs in a language that mimics English words and
well-known mathematical symbols. Python, C#, and other high-level languages are
examples.
6). Structured programming language.
An
organized programming language is C++. We may use functions like this to divide
the program into different sections.
7). Popular
Many
different programming languages that support the feature of object-oriented
programming may be built using C++ as their foundation language. Simula 67, the
very first object-oriented language, did not include simulations, therefore
Bjarne Stroustrup created C++.
8). Memory Management.
Very
effective management methods are provided by C++. The numerous memory
management operators aid in memory preservation and boost program
effectiveness. At runtime, these operations allocate and deallocate memory. The
C++ language includes typical memory management operations like new and delete.
9). Case-sensitive.
It
is evident that the computer language C++ is case-sensitive. To take input from
the input stream, for instance, cin is utilized. However, if the
"Cin" fails. Other languages do not take case into account, like
MySQL and HTML.
10). Quicker Compilation.
Programs
written in C++ are often small and responsive. As a result, the C++ language's
compilation and execution times are quick.
11). Dynamic Memory Allocation
The
dynamic heap space is allocated to the variables during C++ program execution.
Variables are allocated in the stack space within the functions. The amount of
memory required to store a certain piece of information in a defined variable
is frequently unknown in advance, and the size of the memory required can be
calculated during runtime.
12). Pointers
Pointers are a feature offered by C++. For memory, structures, functions, arrays, etc., we can utilize pointers. By utilizing the pointers, we may communicate directly with the memory.
13). Recursion
We
may call the function within the function in C++. It offers code reuse for each
function.
14). Extensible
Programs written in C++ can be quickly expanded since it is relatively simple to incorporate new features into an existing application.
15}. Errors are easily detected
A
C++ software is simpler to maintain since faults are simple to find and fix.
Additionally, it offers a feature known as exception handling to help your
software handle errors.
16). Strongly typed language
Every
function call's parameter list is type-checked during compilation. If a type
mismatch exists between the formal and real parameters, implicit conversion is
used. If an implicit conversion is not feasible or the number of inputs is
wrong, a compile-time occurs.